Ventilating apparatus for cars.



No. 674,705. Patented May 2|, 190i.

T. H. MASTIN. 7

VENTILATING APPARATUS FOR CARS.

(Application filed Feb. 27, 1900.)

(No Model.)

No. 674,705. Patented May 2|, "WI. T. H. MASTIN. VENTILATINGAPPABATUSFOB CARS.

(Application filed Feb. 27, 1900.) v (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

I Mfr 265565. 4%.fi

UNITED STATES ATENT QFFICE.

THOMAS H. MASTIN, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI.

VENTILATING APPARATUS FOR CARS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 674,705, dated May 21, 1901.

Application filed February 2'7, 1900. Serial No. 6,737. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS H. MASTIN, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ventilating Apparatus for Cars; andI do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

The objects of my invention are, primarily, the ventilation of cars or other closed apartments by the expulsion from the car of the impure vitiated air, whose place is filled by the currents of purified air, and, second, the exhaust of the heated air during its agitation.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of parts, such as will be first fully described and then specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a car, showing the invention applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a detail view, partly in vertical section, showing the air suction and blast fan and its case, the ventiduct, the exterior rotary tube and its air-tight connection, the hollow air-agitating fan-blades connected with the receptacle at-the lower end of the rotary tube, and the motor actuating the air-agitating blades. Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view of the receptacle at the lower end of the rotary tube, showing the motor thereon, also showing the stationary hollow shaft and its connection with the spiderin the air suction and forcing fan case. Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the ventiduct and the rotary tube, taken upon the line no a: of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the fan-case, taken upon the line y y of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a detail sectional view of the air-filtering device in the bottom of the car. Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view taken upon the line 2 z of Fig. 6.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Referring to the drawings, A represents a railway passenger-car of ordinary construction, in which a represents the apartment for passengers, and a the car-seats.

agitating and ventilating apparatus D, which is constructed as follows: The upper portion of the apparatus consists of a cylindrical fancase cl, of suitable length, the upper end of which case extends through a circular opening a in the roof (1 of the car and a short distance above the outer side of said roof and fits closely the sides of said opening. Upon the said upper end of the case 01 is a hood d, of ordinary construction. Secured to the inner side of case d, a short distance downward from the upper end of said case, is a spider d the arms of which extend radially to the inner side of said case from acircular plate or disk d in which plate or disk is a perforation d Extending around the outer side of the case (Z, in the same horizontal plane as the spider (Z is an outwardly-extended annular flange d, by means of which the case dis secured within the opening a and to the top a of the car. At the lower end and upon the inner side of case d, directly beneath the plate or disk 01 is a circular plate or disk d, from which extend the radial arms d the outer ends of which arms are curved upwardly in a slight degree and connected rigidly with the inner side of case 61.

Within the fan-case d and upon the upper side of the disk 01 is a compressed-air motor E, of ordinary construction, having a supplypipe 8, the vertical shaft 6 of which motor extends upwardly and is journaled within the opening d of the disk d With the motor E is connected one end of a compressedair conducting pipe 8. Upon the shaft 6, between the motor E and the spider 61 are the fan-blades f of the air suction and forcing fan, which extend outwardly from said shaft in the direction of the inner side of case (1 and are so constructed as to afford the maximum air suction and forcing power.

With the lower end of case dis rigidly connected the upper end of a ventiduct or tube F, the circumference of which is considerably IOO less than that of case cl. The said upper end of the tube F extends to the lower end of case 01 in an upwardly and outwardly extended curved line and from the outer side cumference than the tube or ventiduct F.

The upper end g of the rotating tube G extends outwardly in a curved line and within the pocket f, formed by the upper end of the tube F, and to a position within said pocket a short distance from the inner sides of said pocket. Within said pocket f and on both outer and inner sides of the curved portion g of the tube G is a packing h, of suitable material, which holds the said'portion g of the tube G in position during rotation. The swaging inwardly of the pocket which follows the insertion of the tube G contracts the packing against the inner side of the pocket, and thus causes a resistance to the passage of air through the pocket f which will be adequate to cause the suction of the rotating fan fto extend to the opening m in the outer end of the rotating air-agitating fan -blades M, hereinafter described. The opposing surfaces of the tubes F and G, which are close in position, are lubricated to exclude air and prevent friction. The lower end of the rotating tube G extends downwardly a short distance below the lower end of the tube F and is decreased in circumference, the sides of the tube at said end being inclined inwardly to the point g, at which point the sides of the tube extend -downwardly a short distance in a straight line and from thence in an outwardly-curved line to form the sides of a receptacle g for the reception of the motor hereinafter described, the lower end of the receptacle being closed by a circular plate 9 Within the tube F is a stationary hollow shaft I, the upper end of which shaft is externally screw-threaded and inserted within the screw-threaded opening 01 of the disk d in the fan-case cl, the lower end of said shaft being extended downwardly through the bottom plate 9 of the receptacle g at the lower end of the tube G, and is screw-threaded externally and a nutt' fitted therein, which nut bears against the under side of the plate g and may be adjusted to cause the upper end 9 of the tube G to fit closer to the packing when desired. Beneath the nut and fitted to the lower screw-threaded end of shaft I is a clamping-nut '5 which secures the nut i from accidental movement.

Within the receptacle g are the fields 7c of an ordinary electrical fan motor Z, (see Fig. 3,) the said fields being connected with the sides of the receptacle g so as to rotate in unison therewith.

Z represents the armature secured to the hollow shaft I and concentric with the fields K. Above the armature Z and also secured transversely to shaft I is a horizontal plate which supports the brushes 70 76*. With these brushes are connected the ends of separate conducting-wires k 70 which extend through the perforation 2' in the stationary shaft 1, thence upwardly within the tube to a position near the upper end of said shaft, thence pass outwardly from the said shaft through the perforation t and thence up- "wardly through the side of case D, around the inner side ofthe car A a short distance, and downwardly to and connected with the binding-posts of a storage battery K in the fioor of the car.

M represents the fan-blades, which are hollow to form conduits for the passage of the vitiated air to the tube G, and each consists of sides m m, of considerable width at their outer ends and gradually-decreasing in width toward their inner ends. The sides on m are connected together by narrow strips in m, extending the length of the blade. The said inner ends of the fan-blades are contracted'to a considerable degree, and with said ends are connected tubes m which are screw-threaded externally at their outer ends and said ends fitted within the screw-threaded opening g in the sides of the receptacle g and in the upper part of said receptacle. in the outer ends of the fan-blades are openings m for the free entrance of the air, which openings extend from one inner side portion of a fan-blade to-the other in width.

Within the car is a compressed-air storagetank N, which is supplied with compressed air in the well-known manner. With the top of the tank N is connected one end of a supply-pipe n, the other end of which pipe being connected with the supply-pipe 6', leading to the compressed-air motor E.

I have shown two of the rotary ventilating devices within the car of precisely the same construction, which may be increased in num her, as circumstances require, as well as the number of air-storage tanks.

For the purpose of purifying the air entering the car, which is induced by the suction and forcing fans in the ventilating apparatus, an air-induction tube T is employed, one end of which extends through the roof of of the car, near the inner side of the car, and the lower end through the bottom of the car and connected with the side portion of a receptacle U, in the bottom of which receptacle is a cup-shaped depression u. The top of the receptacle U is arched in shape, as at u, to afford space for the sponge V or other like porous material, the lower portion of the sponge entering the cup-shaped depression to and also extending upwardly to the inner side of the arched portion of the top of the receptacle, the sponge also extending from one inner side portion to the other side of the receptacle, as seen in Fig. 7.

W represents a receptacle or fountain for water, at the bottom of which is a pipe w, which enters the receptacle U near the cupshaped depression it. With the other side of the receptacle U is connected the lower end of a pipe M, which extends in an upward direction, and upon the upper end of said pipe is a box X, having perforate sides at, which box serves to prevent foreign matter from entering the tube 20 In the operation of the invention compressed air from the tank N is admitted to the motor E through pipes w and e, and power imparted to shaft eand to the air suction and forcing fan on said shaft. At the same time a current of electricity from the storage battery K is transmitted to the electric motor L, and the tube G is caused to rotate with the fan-blades M, the fan-blades acting to agitate the air in their circle of rotation. During the rotation of the fan-blades the air suction and blast fan acts to draw the heated air in the apartment at of the car through the openings m in the fan-blades, which passes within the rotating receptacle g and the tube G, thence through the stationary ventiduct F, and is expelled from the car by the action of the fan-blade f, the degree of speed of the air suction and blast apparatus being in excess of the degrees of speed imparted to the fan-blades M by the action of the motor L. Simultaneous with the rotation of the fan-blades M the draft upon the heated air in the apartment 0, of the car causes an induction of air from outside of the car within the tube T, which air passes downwardly through the receptacle U and is purified from smoke and gas in passing through the sponge V, which sponge is kept moist by capillary attraction of the water supplied to the sponge from the vessel W, the purified air passing through tube a thence through the perforations a; in the box X and within the apartment 0. of the car. Thus it will be observed that when a car provided with the invention is passing through a desert country in which clouds of alkali are encountered the windows and doors of the car may be kept closed while the air is being agitated by the fan-blades and at the same time a constant supply of pure air induced within the car, thusvmaking the journey agreeable and removing a constant source of danger to health. The traveler is also insured immunity from the injurious efiects of smoke and gases from the engine,especially difficult to guard against while the car is passing through a tunnel.

The invention removes the heated impure air from any car to which it may be applied, while the agitation of the air is felt in the remote parts of the car and is conducive to an agreeable cooling sensation. The increased degree of speed in rotation of the fan-blades j, compared with that of the fan-blades M, enables the heated air, which rapidly ascends, to be drawn within the openings m in the fan-blades and expelled from the car, the regulation of these degrees of speed be ing controlled from the battery K and the compressed-air tank N in the ordinary manner. The conducting-wires k shown within the stationary hollow shaft I, maybe extended upwardly on the outside of the shaft I, if preferred. In the adjustment of the out i on shaft I the outwardly-curved upper end of the tube G is forced within the packing g in the pocketf in order to maintain close contact of the tube with the packing. It is obvious that modifications may be employed within the scope of the invention.

Having fully described my invention, what I now claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a ventilating apparatus, a ventiduct in combination with a rotating receptacle for air, having air-induction openings, suitable air-excluding devices connected with said receptacle and said ventiduct, and hollow, airagitating fan-blades connected with said receptacle.

2. A ventilating apparatus comprising a fan-case and a suction and forcing fan within said case, and a tube or ventiduct connected with said fan-case, a rotating receptacle for air, and suitable air-excluding devices connected with said tube or ventiduct and with the said rotating receptacle, a motor actuating said suction and forcing fan, and a separate motor actuating said receptacle, for air, and a hollow air agitating and conducting fan-blade connected with said receptacle.

3. In a ventilating apparatus comprisinga case, air suction and forcing apparatus connected with said case, and a motor, a ventiduct connected with said case, a rotating receptacle for air, having air-induction openin gs, and a motor actuating said receptacle, a pocket upon said ventiduct, a packing adapted to exclude air within said pocket, and extensions of said receptacle for air, adapted to enter and be retained during rotation within the said pocket.

4. In a ventilating apparatus a case, a motor within said case and its shaft, an air suction and forcing fan upon said shaft, a ventiduct or tube connected with said case, and an outwardly-extended annular,recessed portion of said tube, having a suitable packing, a rotating tube concentric with the outer side of said ventiduct, having its annular, upper end extended outwardly and within the said annular, recessed portion of said ventiduct, and a receptacle for air connected with the lower end of said rotating tube, having airinduction openings, a motor in said receptacle, and hollow, air-agitating fan-blades having one end extending within the said induction-openings in said rotating receptacle.

5. In a ventilating apparatus, a case and an air suction and forcing apparatus within said case, and a motor, a spider within said case, a ventiduct or tube connected with said case, a pocket upon said ventiduct and a packing adapted to exclude air within said pocket, a tube concentric with theouter side 10 said spider, and the other end screw-threaded and extending through the bottom of said receptacle for air, and an adjusting-nut upon the screW-threaded'end of said stationary shaft, adapted to bear upon the outer side of the bottom of said receptacle, substantially [5 as described.

THOMAS H. MASTIN. Witnesses:

G. B. SILVERMAN, A. L. GREEK. 

